From the abstract: "Through a comprehensive literature review, five skills clusters were found as most often identified by employers as critical for success of new employees: 1) communication; 2) decision-making/problem-solving; 3) teamwork; 4) self-management; and 5) professionalism. We then created a survey-based instrument that measured essential skill development in undergraduates."

Wickenhauser, J.; Ebner, P.; Flaherty, E. A.; & Karcher, E. L. (2021). Essential Skill Questionnaire: A pilot study of a self-report measure to identify undergraduate level of essential job skills. NACTA Journal. 65:414-418.