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Two decades of using simulation games for cross-cultural training

This article by Sandra Fowler "defines cross-cultural training and briefly traces its history. The power of using simulation games for cross-cultural training is described.  The history of the author is intertwined with the use of simulation games for cross-cultural training. Personal history with specific games...is traced, and trainers who have influenced the author's development as a simulation gamer are cited" (Fowler, p. 464).

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Article: Forward from a critique of Hofstedeā€™s model of national culture

Williamson, D. (2002). Forward from a critique of Hofstede’s model of national culture. Human Relations, 55(11): 1373-1395. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267025511006

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Annette Benson onto Creative Ways to Teach Hofstede

Debriefing: Toward a Systematic Assessment of Theory and Practice

According to Lederman (1992), "The process of debriefing is not ancillary to the educational experience to which it is tied. Debriefing is an integral part of any learning experience that is designed to be experience based.... Although a good debriefing may look as it if is natural and spontaneous, it is a predictable process with necessary parts and elements..."

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Article: A Re-Inquiry of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

Orr, L. M. & Hauser, W. J. (2008). A re-inquiry of Hofstede's cultural dimensions: A call for 21st century cross-cultural research. The Marketing Management Journal, 18(2), 1-19. 

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The Art of Debriefing for Intercultural Learning

"The point of the debrief is not necessarily to make sure all the participants take away the exact same thing—they won’t. That’s the beauty of intercultural learning. However, you do want to ensure most of your learners take away something of value—a new way of seeing things, a connection they hadn’t made before, or a question to consider. And you want to ensure that you have a sense of what that is, and that it’s not completely contrary to the goals of the activity" (Harvey, 2019).

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Article: Beyond Hofstede and GLOBE

Tung, R. L. & Verbecke, A. (Oct. 2010). Beyond Hofstede and GLOBE: Improving the quality of cross-cultural research. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(8), 1259-1274. 

This is a special issue about culture and international business, specifically dealing with Hofstede and GLOBE. 

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Article: Hofstede, culturally questionable?

Jones, M. (2007). Hofstede – Culturally questionable? Oxford Business & Economics Conference. Oxford, UK, 24-26 June, 2007. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1389&context=commpapers

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Article: What is culture? A reply to Baskerville

Hofstede, G. (Oct-Nov. 2003). "What is culture? A reply to Baskerville." Accounting, Organizations and Society, 28(7-8), 811-813. ISSN 0361-3682. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-3682(03)00018-7.
 

 

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Chapter on Hofstede, Hall, Huntington, and Trompenaars

McSweeney, B. (2015). Hall, Hofstede, Huntington, Trompenaars, GLOBE: Common foundations, common flaws. In Transculturalism and business in the BRIC states: A handbook. New York: Routledge.

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How I Became Addicted to Simulations and Games

Richard B. Powers' entire article is interesting. Along toward the end, he makes some observations about the importance of the debrief.

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Thiagi Debrief

Thiagi’s six-phase model to structure debriefing questions

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Follow-the-Sun Global Technology Team

This stimulation is designed to improve teamwork and features three stages: vision, design, and drawing (p. 217). 

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Trade Mission, The

This is a simulation about trade negotiations. 

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Synthetic Culture Laboratory, The

This is a "framework for creating discussions in synthetic culture roles" (p. 176). It is not a simulation. 

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Role Playing

In this role-playing activity, groups act out conflicting scenarios (p. 174). 

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Flashes

This activity asks participants to both recall a cross-cultural exchange and to perform synthetic culture analysis (p. 173). 

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Find Favorite Words

In this activity, participants will name words with positive connotations for synthetic cultures and compare them to other choices. 

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Annette Benson onto Creative Ways to Teach Hofstede

Identity Dialogues

This chapter teaches readers about how Hofstede's six dimensions can affect dialogue and to identify some strategies for dialoguing across some of these dimensions. 

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Synthetic Cultures versus Real Cultures

This book section explains synthetic and real cultures and offers examples (p. 126). 

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Workthink

This activity presents seven different workplace situations (p. 120).

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Guess the Synthetic Culture

This activity tests participants' knowledge of synthetic cultures (p. 118).

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Cross-Cultural Encounters

This is an awareness exercise that asks participants to try to understand another person's reactions (p. 116). 

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Who'd be on your spaceship?

"An Ohio school superintendent has apologized for a class exercise that asked middle school students to choose from a list of racially, ethnically and religiously diverse candidates to save or leave behind if Earth were 'doomed for destruction.'

"The assignment presented 12 potential spaceship passengers, including 'a militant African-American medical student,' 'a Hispanic clergyman who is against homosexuality,' 'an Asian, orphaned 12-year-old boy,' 'a homosexual male professional athlete,' and a '60-year-old Jewish university administrator.' The students were instructed to select eight to take to safety on another planet, ranking them from the most deserving to the least..." (Caron, 2018).

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Attribution Exercises

In this activity, participants will examine personal attributes for cultural or personal preferences (p. 83). 

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