From the abstract: "The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate whether there are quantitative differences in development of ICC in a direct comparison of a face-to-face and 100% asynchronous online introductory in communication disorders, and (b) to describe participants learning through the structural intercultural learning activities embedded into the course using a qualitative approach."

Jaiswal, A., Masters, C., Jin, L., Inani, T., Schenkel, A., Sapkota, M., & Krishnan, L. (2023). It's Never Too Soon! Comparing Intercultural Learning Outcomes of Undergraduate Students via Face-to-Face and Online Teaching Modalities. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_PERSP-23-00015