In today’s ever-growing multicultural and complex environment, intercultural competence is of extreme importance to the hospitality and tourism field, which not only serves people from all over the world, but also employs a diverse group of people.

Jieyu Shi (2023). Intercultural Learning in Hospitality and Tourism students: Curriculum Design Perspectives | Seed Grant 2020. (Version 2.0). https://hubicl.org/publications/133/2

The primary aim of the project was to improve the cultural competency of graduate students in the Speech-Language Pathology graduate clinical training program (MS-SLP) by strategically targeting knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to intercultural issues. The second aim was to measure the effectiveness of the program, with the goal of establishing a pedagogical model for other graduate programs to follow.

Chenell Loudermill, Jaime L Bauer Malandraki (2023). Assessing the Impact of Targeted Cultural Competence Training in a Cohort of MS-SLP Students | Seed Grant 2020. (Version 4.0). https://hubicl.org/publications/157/4

In this video presentation, Dr. Kristen Kirby and Professor Rebecca Johnson present the development of a study of baseline intercultural mindsets in an academic setting. They present data from their assessments of faculty, staff, and students. Subsequently, they explain their data thus far and where the research is going in the future all as part of a two-part coordinated CILMAR Seed Grant project.

Kristen F Kirby, Rebecca Johnson (2023). Diversity, inclusion, and equity in nursing | Seed Grant 2019. (Version 4.0). https://hubicl.org/publications/100/4

From the abstract: "The current study sought to understand how women living in Italy conceptualize La Bella Figura and how it affects their day-to-day lives, attitudes, and consumption behaviours."

Ramos-Ortiz J, Meier S, Rossi M, Heyrman H, Reddy M, DeMaria AL. (2020). La Bella Figura: The role of a cultural philosophy on Italian consumerism. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 0(0):1-10. doi.org/10.1002/cb.1846.

From the abstract: "The purpose of this paper is to describe a short term study abroad program that exposes engineering and nursing undergraduate students from the United States and Italy to an intercultural and interprofessional immersion experience."

McComb, S. A., Fedele, L., Brunese, P. A., & Simpson, V. L. (2019). An interprofessional, intercultural, immersive short-term study abroad program: Public health and service systems in Rome. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 31(1), 148-168.  https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v31i1.447 

Krishnan, LA., Sundaram, S., Sreekumar, S., Thammaiah, S. & Mitra, G. (2020). Preparing, planning and executing a successful short-term study abroad program: A Case Study - SLHS in India. ASHA Perspectives, SIG 17 Global Issues in Communication Sciences and Related Disorders, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_PERSP-19-00119

Krishnan, L.A., Sundaram, S., Sreekumar, S., Thammaiah, S. & Mitra, G. (2019). SLHS in India: Preparing, planning and executing a successful short-term study abroad program. Asha Kiran, A Publication of the Asian Indian Caucus. https://www.sac-asha.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ASHA-KIRAN-2019-.pdf. p. 24

From the abstract: "This study examined the effects of a combined semester long, on-campus cultural development course followed by either a three- or six-week faculty-led study abroad program on student CQ."

Chang Alexander, K., Ingersoll, LT, Shields, CG, Miller, ML, Gipson, JA, Calahan, CA, DeMaria, AL, & Chang Alexander, S. (2022). Cultural Intelligence and Short-Term Study Abroad Length: The Effect of an Undergraduate Cultural Development Course and Short-Term Study Abroad Program on Student CQ. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 34(2), 280-301. https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v34i2.567

Krishnan, L. A., Jin, L., Stahl, A., Sreekumar, S., Sundaram, S., Subrahmanian, M., & Davis, P. (2022). Innovative Changes to Study Abroad: Virtual Intercultural Learning during the Pandemic. Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders, 6(2), 1. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1349633.pdf

From the abstract: "Building on a dual-dimension framework, this paper explores and presents the perceived immigrant contribution construct and develops a scale as a tool to measure perceptions of economic or realistic (i.e., physical resources) and symbolic (i.e., cultural resources) immigrant contributions."

Li, S., & Kung, F. Y. H. Assessing perceptions of immigrant contribution: Scale development and organizational implications. Academy of Management Discoveries. https://doi.org/10.5465/amd.2020.0150

Krishnan, LA., Sreekumar, S., Sundaram, S., Subrahmanian, M. & Davis, P. (2021). Virtual ‘Study Abroad’: Promoting Intercultural Competence Amid the Pandemic. The Hearing Journal, 74(4), 38-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.HJ.0000743740.67628.33

From the abstract: "The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate whether there are quantitative differences in development of ICC in a direct comparison of a face-to-face and 100% asynchronous online introductory in communication disorders, and (b) to describe participants learning through the structural intercultural learning activities embedded into the course using a qualitative approach."

Jaiswal, A., Masters, C., Jin, L., Inani, T., Schenkel, A., Sapkota, M., & Krishnan, L. (2023). It's Never Too Soon! Comparing Intercultural Learning Outcomes of Undergraduate Students via Face-to-Face and Online Teaching Modalities. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_PERSP-23-00015

From the abstract: "Specifically, this research attempts to shed light on the perspectives of Chinese parents concerning the specific traits and characteristics of overseas summer camps they perceive as attractive and what benefits they seek from such an experience for their children."

Lehto, X. Y., Fu, X., Kirillova, K., & Bi, C. (2020). What do parents look for in an overseas youth summer camp? Perspectives of Chinese parents. Journal of China Tourism Research, 16(1), 96-117. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2017.1410508

From the abstract: "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative impact of embedding intercultural learning activities on students’ intercultural competence when included in an on-campus course compared to a study abroad program."

Krishnan, LA., Jin, L. & Calahan, C. (2021). Enhancing Intercultural Competence: Can it be done without Studying Abroad? In Press. Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders. 

From the abstract: "Participation in a study abroad program to Zambia with intentional intercultural activities embedded in the course curriculum has been shown to enhance cultural competence as measured by the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI®) (Krishnan, Masters, Holgate, Wang & Calahan, 2017). The purpose of this study was to assess whether a new program to India, developed using a. similar model, was effective in increasing student intercultural competence and to compare student outcomes with the previous program to evaluate possible differences in outcomes related to the destination country."

Krishnan, LA., Diatta-Holgate, H. & Calahan, C. (2021). Intercultural Competence Gains from Study Abroad in India. Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders.(5), 2, Article 6.  https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/tlcsd/vol5/iss2/6

DeMaria, A.L, Meier, S.J., Dykstra, C. (2019). “It’s not perfect but it’s mine”: Genital self-image among women living in Italy. Body Image, 29,140-148.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.03.011

DeMaria, A.L., Ramos‐Ortiz, J., Faria, A.A., Wise, G.M. (2019). Examining consumer purchase behaviors and attitudes toward condom and pharmacy vending machines in Italy: A qualitative study. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 54(1), 286-310.  https://doi.org/10.1111/joca.12269

DeMaria, A.L., Rivera, S., Ramos-Ortiz, J., Meier, S., Wakefield, A.L., Basile, K., Evans, J.M., Zaininger, H.M. (2019). “It’s just a very personal thing”: contraceptive influences and decision making among women living in Italy. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care, 24(3), 198-205.  DOI:  10.1080/13625187.2019.1615616

From the abstract: "The purpose of this paper is to describe a short term study abroad program that exposes engineering and nursing undergraduate students from the United States and Italy to an intercultural and interprofessional immersion experience . Faculty from Purdue University and Sapienza Università di Roma collaborated to design a technical program that demonstrates the complementary nature of engineering and public health in the service sector, with Rome as an integral component of the program. Specifically, the intersection of topics including systems, reliability, process flow, maintenance management, and public health are covered through online lectures, in class activities and case study discussions, field experiences, and assessments."

McComb, S. A., Fedele, L., Brunese, P. A., & Simpson, V. L. (2019). An interprofessional, intercultural, immersive short-term study abroad program: Public health and service systems in Rome. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 31(1), 148-168.  https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v31i1.447.

From the introduction: "The objective of this research was to evaluate self-perceived learning outcomes, defined as knowledge, skills, and attitudes, for student pharmacists who participated in an international APPE. Using the [Consortium on Global Health] CUGH global health competency framework, [the authors] specifically examined the impact of country location and duration of the experience on learning outcomes."

Steeb, D. R., Miller, M. L., Schellhase, E. M., Malhotra, J. V., McLaughlin, J. E., Dascanio, S. A., & Haines, S. T. (2019). Global health learning outcomes by country location and duration for international experiences. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 76-82.  https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7682 

Steeb, D. R., Miller, M. L., Schellhase, E. M., Malhotra, J. V., McLaughlin, J. E., Dascanio, S. A., & Haines, S. T. (2020). Global Health Learning Outcomes in Pharmacy Students Completing International Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(3), 7586. DOI 10.5688/ajpe7586.